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- Convenor:
-
Ga Wu
(Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences)
- Location:
- 104
- Start time:
- 18 May, 2014 at
Time zone: Asia/Tokyo
- Session slots:
- 3
Short Abstract:
On Reviewing of 19th century gendered reform plans for better designing of future inclusive modernity project: reflecting the complex relationship between women and the family/ women and the nation-state studies literatures of the past 100 years and reflecting gendered republic revolution in china. On 21st century questions and challenges. Academic discussion of the history of women contribution to modernity started only after 1970s,
Long Abstract:
We invite and welcome papers in all regions in order to compare/reflect our enlightenment heritage as well as limited gendered modernity researches, we will discuss the gendered democratic studies for an international comparison. In response to the impact of European’s modernization programs and challenge, male and female leaders from Africa and Asia countries have made various efforts since 19th century. This forum will touch upon gender issues in Japan, China transformation programs in 19th century and Africa Russia modernization processes, different responses and different modes from theses regions will be compared we will discuss gender issues in early exclusive modernity program as well as current as well as future inclusive modernity efforts, related questions will be covered are: 1) Comparing Japanese Meiji Restoration and the New Culture Movement in China demonstrated that Early modernization programs in two countries are similar to that of enlightenment programs in European region, (J Kelly argued that the Renaissance led to greater gender dichotomy) 2) Early scholarship on women in the process of modernization, and her roles in constructing modern societies are limited. Japanese, Chinese women have made their own special efforts but few studies have published. Many new area studies programs has been established in China's major universities since 2001. Chinese women scholars have made their special efforts on covering issues related to the political, ( Qiu Jin 秋 瑾Tang Qunying唐群英 ) cultural ( Ding Ling 丁玲Zhang Ailing张 爱玲 Xiao Hong 小红and Xie Beingxin谢冰 心) economic ( researches on market and protection force, medical issues, other welfare system) balanced transformation plans and inclusive modernization programs have been carried out in the new century, it is high time that we now should act to reconstitute anthropology as a critically reflexive and socially engaged discipline -the speakers can submit ideas around these important issues , recommendation and method papers are also welcome. Scholars from other fields are encouraged to participate.
Accepted papers:
Session 1Paper short abstract:
Yi's traditions, local knowledge and experience of comform to the requests of the protection of women’s rights are applicable to all minority nationality areas. This project is broadly situated in the area of ‘protection of women's rights’.
Paper long abstract:
Women of Yi is the a double role as ethnic minorities and female. Minority women is a special disadvantaged group in the activities of protection of women's rights and interests. In the prolonged course of its development, Yi people has formed its traditions of female worship and feminism. This phenomenon came from the worship of maternity and martial spirit remained in social consciousness. It greatly promoted the development in social harmony and enriched the Chinese traditional culture. In the prolonged course of its development, Yi people has formed its traditions, local knowledge and experience of comform to the requests of the protection of women's rights. These principles are applicable to all minority nationality areas. Based on this, we should carry forward these fine traditions of Yi's people, and explore, practice and build up the model of protection of women's rights and inheritance of ethnic traditional culture.
Paper short abstract:
This article will discuss new changes about "motherhood" happening in 21st century China, especially on how to balance market, privatisation forces and ethic of caring for the new century's modernity project.
Paper long abstract:
The women's public employment system was supported by the establishment of the public childcare system. Chinese social transformation changes the status of women in the labour and social welfare system. Disintegration of the unit welfare system led directly to the collapse of the system of public childcare, parenting becomes a purely private matter, meanwhile China developed into the "low birth rate" and the consumer society, this double change of demographic shift and cultural transformation has reshaped concept of motherhood. Today's mother is not only meant to bear the responsibility of caring for young children, but also to be in line with modern standards of "education mama."
Paper short abstract:
This project is broadly situated in the area of ‘women and employment’. It explores the challenges of in house multi-party interpreting setting (Takimoto, 2009) as well as the working conditions of women in Japan who are employed in one specific labour category.
Paper long abstract:
Based on government surveys and questionnaires on the level of work satisfaction Hiroki Sato argues that changing employment practices in Japan are borne out of the need for economic development and out of individual choices. The study records fairly high satisfaction levels among temp workers (Sato et al 2001, p. 179). There has, however, been no academic inquiry that looks specifically at haken interpreters working in 'in house' settings. Given the 'premium' (symbolic) values attached to the interpreter as a professional, highly educated and skilled worker, interpreters are least expected to be found in the category of work associated with precariousness. Thus, by examining the in house interpreters who are a part of the office haken workers (the 'mainstream' of haken employment) and an occupation to which many women aspire to, the study aims to challenge the rhetoric of 'women are better of' by portraying a shared precariousness with other 'officially recognised' haken (i.e. blue-collar males).Sato (2004) estimates that there are 'around 200' freelance interpreters in Japan who tend to combine academic (and other) work with interpreting practiced mainly in media and government-related assignments. Full-time interpreting work seems to be available only in the haken work category either through general or special temporary help agencies. In-house interpreters (haken) are hired to work on specific projects or for an executive in a given company (MNCs) where interpreting settings can be sensitive or "a nightmare for the interpreter" (Gurner 2001, pp. 117-20).
Paper short abstract:
Bridgman Academy, as the first girls' school in Beijing, played an important role in the women's liberation movement. This study will be based on Bingxin's Bridgman Academy experience and will try to find out the relationship between Christian education and the transformation of female self-consciousness.
Paper long abstract:
The transformation of self-consciousness was an important part of the women's liberation in Modern China. Current researches usually focus on the consciousness before or after transformation, but neglecting why this process starts. Protestant in China was one of its driving forces. Missionaries tried to blend in Chinese society by establishing schools, and girls' schools were critical components of them. Those Christian girl's schools not only promoted modernization of Chinese education, but also made contributions to women's liberation.
Bridgman Academy was the first Christian girls' school in Beijing, and witnessed the whole process of women's liberation movement in China. At first, its aim was spreading the gospel and saving poor girls in China. After a reform at the end of the 19th century, it turned to teach knowledge and cultivate social responsibility of girls, while keeping its religious characters. Bridgman Academy, and other Christian girl's schools, did play important roles during Chinese women's liberation movement. They introduced thoughts of woman's rights, and promoted woman's ideological emancipation.
Bingxin 冰心,with a high status in the field of modern Chinese literature, was one of the most distinguished alumna of Bridgman Academy. Her self-consciousness was affected by the edification of western feminist thoughts and Christianity during school days, and finally transformed.
This study will be based on Bingxin's Bridgman Academy experience and other historical materials, and try to find out the relationship between Christian education and transformation of female self-consciousness in modern China.
Paper short abstract:
Until recently the use of condoms was not very common in Yi ethnic areas in Yunnan and Sichuan, even among commercial sex workers and their clients. As a result the epidemic has spread from high-risk groups (drug users, sex workers, unsafe blood donors) to the general population.
Paper long abstract:
In 1989 Yunnan's indigenous AIDS cases were reported; in 1995 reports from Sichuan as well . (Bowtell W. Gil VE, Wang MS, Anderson AF, Lin GM, Wu ZO Husain L. Ma Y, Li ZZ, Zhang KX. Settle E.D. September, Bates G, Morrison SJ, Thompson D Watts J. Wu Z) Seven issues discussed in this paper are: 1) Chinese Medical and Health Reforms; 2) Multi-sector Cooperative Medical Aid; 3) Model Support to the Poor in Accessing Health Services; 4) National response to HIV and AIDS in different countries ( Indonesia Butt 2008 Thailand Fordham 2005 Uganda Schoepf 2003, South Africa Epstein 2007; the sexual services Glick 1967, Paul Farmer in Haiti the former Soviet Union, 'HIV history; 5) The joint publications of UNAIDS, UNICEF and the WHO UNICEF country-wide studies; 6) effective HIV responses from global world; 7) Gender and HIV/AIDS Preventive Measures; Reference: Ditmore (ed.), Encyclopedia of Prostitution and Sex Work
Paper short abstract:
Women in Zimbabwean has been largely followed the changes of African women after independence. Their organizations participate more actively and played an important role in the mobilization work in subsequent. These are beneficial to promoting the process of a democratic society in Zimbabwe.
Paper long abstract:
After independence, the status of women in Africa took important changes. Different from other regions, because of the foundation of natural leader, women has higher the status in traditional African tribal society and usually be the initiator and director of public utilities and social services. Thus, some African women took higher positions which made a positive push to gender equality modern industry. However, in the influence of Western modern movement and patriarchal society, due to the central role of women in traditional African agricultural labor, production, African women had hard access to education after independence, political status, urban construction and the process of democratization. Their corresponding roles in all these areas are not ideal. Thence encouraged they seek a way out more actively. Women in Zimbabwean has been largely followed such features after independence. Especially after the 1990s, they are working from their own initiatives. From 1995 to 1998, women's organizations in Zimbabwe formed their reposition and development strategy; participate in the activities of the state and civil society more actively. In this process, a combination of organizational, rural networks and key figures produced by a variety of problem-oriented had all reconfigured. June in 1999, the Constitutional Union women's organization was founded and played an important role in the mobilization work in subsequent. All these are beneficial to promoting the process of a democratic society in Zimbabwe, even became the "second liberation movement."
Paper long abstract:
Objective: to analyze the community nursing demands and influencing factors among elderly people of Kunming in Yunnan province in order to promote community nursing service and teaching of gerontological community nursing. Methods: the self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 1000 elderly aged over 60 years in the community of Kunming by multi-stage stratified sampling．Results: 815 (81.5%) old people do not have personal-health-card. 396(39.6%) old people suffer from the cardiovascular system disease; this is the top of the chronic disease prevalence. The demand of disease of prevention and promotion is higher than disease nursing (P＜0.01). Injection and transfusion requirements (85.5%) and establish health files demand (89.4%) are first of the demand of disease of prevention or promotion and disease nursing respectively. Conclusion: there were high demands of disease of prevention and promotion among elderly of Kunming. The influencing factors of them are age, marital status, the average income monthly, the degree of mental tension and depression, level of education and the distance to the community health service institutions.
Paper long abstract:
Minority-girl education in China is a new field of research. This study seeks to explore into this field through reviewing and analyzing the available studies that have been done. The literature has been collected through searching library holdings, Computer Assisted Research Search, and online searching. The criteria against which the literature is to be reviewed and analyzed are in the form of questions and are divided into six categories of introduction, theoretical framework, method, results, discussion (conclusion/recommendations), and abstract or summary; so that all the aspects of a study can be examined. The research field of minority-girl education in China is found to be improving. A summary of the current educational practices concerning minority-girl education in China and the challenges the minority girls face when it comes to education is made after the literature collected has been reviewed. Recommendations on future research orientations are made based on the findings.
Paper long abstract:
Sexual satisfaction and psychological distress are two important but understudied topics in China. We hypothesized that sexual satisfaction and psychological distress are related to self-rated sexual attractiveness, but in different ways: on the one hand, greater self-rated sexual attractiveness is associated with greater sexual satisfaction; on the other hand, regarding one’s body image-oriented features as the primary basis of one’s sexual attractiveness is associated with higher psychological distress. We will investigate these hypothesized relationships using a cross-sectional household survey conducted in Liuzhou city in southern China. We will run a series of regressions to study these associations. Variables such as age, gender, income, education, partner’s care, relationship status, Body Mass Index will be included in the analysis. Our study results will highlight the health impact of self-rated sexual attractiveness. Awareness of how perceptions of one’s sex
ual attractiveness relate to sexual wellbeing and psychological health will present additional options for improving quality of life.
Paper long abstract:
More and more people start to understand the importance of elderly hospice care education, but in china the present situation of this education is not satisfactory. Purpose:Through comparative analyzing the teaching plans of elderly hospice care in Chinese and Japanese medical colleges puts forward consulting opinions to future hospice care education. Method: Sending self-designed questionnaires to teaching directors of clinical medicine speciality in 135 Chinese medical colleges. The questionnaire includes whether teaching plans include antemortem medical science , elderly hospice care , course contents , form of lecture, evaluation methods, textbooks and so on. Results: The questionnaires recoveris 48 (recovery rate is 36 percent). 12 colleges have hospice care education courses , 7 colleges teach it as required course, almost all colleges teach it by classroom lectures, 10 schools use close-book written tests to evaluate. Only four colleges have related textbooks. Conclusion: Compared with a similar survey in japan, in order to implement the elderly hospice care education chinese medical colleges need to enrich the syllabus and improve the standard textbooks.
Paper long abstract:
In this paper, a women's labor camp in Yunnan Province is selected as a case study, the research method: 1) social anthropological case studies, 2) questionnaires, 3) to carry out HIV / AIDS prevention knowledge training for the high-risking female groups. Issues are covered by our classes are: 1) protection of women's health; 2) prevention of HIV and sexually transmitted disease; 3) symptoms and prevention methods, Studies on these issues have important practical significance. According to our research a majority of Yunnan Provincial Women's Labor Camp inmates are with poor education (below junior high school or less education people accounted for 89.66%, among them 82.7% of those without a job and only 25 % of people have an understanding of HIV transmission routes) .Education is the main causing reason for these women to be infected with AIDS. The AIDS knowledge training program conducted in 2013, there are 31 female inmates participated in our classes and more than 95% of the participants learning for the causing reasons of AIDS issues:1) transmission; 2) initial symptoms; 3) preventive measures; 4) HIV -infected high-risk behaviors; and 5) HIV testing required knowledge. We hope that these classes will significantly improve an awareness of AIDS prevention related knowledge on the role of condoms in preventing the spread of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases. 93.10 percent women expressed that they favor the prevention of HIV infection classes.
Paper short abstract:
In the new era, researchers take their pens to concern the existence situation of females and review the views of the Yi people on the history, religion and ethic reflected in their epic poetry of the world creation, myths and legends and ways of life.
Paper long abstract:
The Yi people are members of one of the most ancient ethnic groups in China. In the prolonged course of its development, Yi people has formed its traditions of female worship and feminism. The etiquette and custom of respect for women was richly and colorfully in modern time's local life of the Yi, has already offered as a gift the distinguished and admirable musical sound of ancient society or new change of. In Yi's folklore, the wemen like A Hei Xi Ni Mo and Mi Yi Lu were the emblem of goddess. female-related issues draw recently more and more attention. In the new era, researchers take their pens to concern the existence situation of females and review the views of the Yi people on the history, religion and ethic reflected in their epic poetry of the world creation、myths and legends and ways of life. These research will get momentous current significance and far-reaching historical significance.
Paper short abstract:
This project is broadly situated in the area of ‘women and employment’. It explores the challenges of in house multi-party interpreting setting (Takimoto, 2009) as well as the working conditions of women in Japan who are employed in one specific labour category.
Paper long abstract:
Based on government surveys and questionnaires on the level of work satisfaction Hiroki Sato argues that changing employment practices in Japan are borne out of the need for economic development and out of individual choices. The study records fairly high satisfaction levels among temp workers (Sato et al 2001, p. 179). There has, however, been no academic inquiry that looks specifically at haken interpreters working in 'in house' settings. Given the 'premium' (symbolic) values attached to the interpreter as a professional, highly educated and skilled worker, interpreters are least expected to be found in the category of work associated with precariousness. Thus, by examining the in house interpreters who are a part of the office haken workers (the 'mainstream' of haken employment) and an occupation to which many women aspire to, the study aims to challenge the rhetoric of 'women are better of' by portraying a shared precariousness with other 'officially recognised' haken (i.
e. blue-collar males).Sato (2004) estimates that there are 'around 200' freelance interpreters in Japan who tend to combine academic (and other) work with interpreting practicedmainly in media and government-related assignments. Full-time interpreting work seems to be available only in the haken work category either through general or special temporary help agencies. In-house interpreters (haken) are hired to work on specific projects or for an executive in a given company (MNCs) where interpreting settings can be sensitive or "a nightmare for the interpreter" (Gurner 2001, pp. 117-20).