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- Convenor:
-
Cimara Valim de Melo
(King's College London; IFRS)
- Chair:
-
David Treece
(King's College London)
- Discussant:
-
David Treece
(King's College London)
- Location:
- Malet 253
- Start time:
- 3 April, 2014 at
Time zone: Europe/London
- Session slots:
- 1
Short Abstract:
This panel seeks papers examining contemporary Brazilian forms of art, especially literature, cinema, music and visual arts. Topics might include cross-cultural issues in Brazil with regard to transnational overlaps, transits, displacement and foreignness in literature and other arts.
Long Abstract:
Literature has an important kinship with other arts and can be seen as belonging to a collection of genres. Looking into the Brazilian cultural scene of the 20th and 21st century, there is evidence of a blurring of artistic boundaries and the increasing synergy between literature and other arts. In addition, works which experiment with other cultures through processes of cultural mixing or exchange beyond the boundaries have become more common in Brazil. Over the past few decades, Brazilian literature has become an organic and dynamic amalgam of different languages, aesthetics, times and spaces. Its multiplicity and flexibility has brought to light the possibilty of interaction with other arts and forms, particularly when we consider the maturity of the literary system in Brazil. Taking the novel as an example of the diversity of literature, we can observe that it has associations with urban spaces, where we can find a social and cultural constellation. Among this complex reality represented by the narrative, we see a convergence between displacement, foreignness and transits. Consequently, there has been a re-configuration of [ ] national borders through literature in terms of time and identity, as well as overlaps between different artistic fields. Confronting the relationship and boundaries between literature and other arts, this panel seeks papers examining contemporary Brazilian forms of art, especially literature, cinema, music and visual arts. Topics might include cross-cultural issues in Brazil with regard to transnational overlaps, and the interaction between writer, work and reader through different artistic views.
Accepted papers:
Session 1Paper short abstract:
This paper analyses contemporary Brazilian literature in order to present which directions it has taken and how it has broadened time-space horizons and expanded its own borders in the 21st century. It includes cases which show Brazilian novel transits in a broad range of perspectives.
Paper long abstract:
Regarding the multiplicity and flexibility of the Brazilian literature in the Latin American cultural scene, we seek to investigate the process of the internationalization of the Brazilian novel in the 21st century, by analyzing how it has broadened time-space horizons and it has developed beyond the country boundaries. For that, we view some cases which show the contemporary Brazilian literature in a broad range of perspectives focusing on the novel as a genre. Firstly, we look into the literary project called "Amores Expressos"[Express Loves], led by Companhia das Letras publishing House since 2007, which has taken sixteen Brazilian writers to different cities in the world, in order to produce literary works by matching the visited place and the project theme. Secondly, we investigate the reception of the Brazilian literature in the United Kingdom through the study of the following selected corpus: the anthology Babel Guide to Brazilian Fiction (2001); the issue 121 of the Granta: Magazine of new writing, entitled The best of Young Brazilian novelists (2012); the literary festival Flipside (2013) and the anthology published at that event, called Other carnivals: new stories from Brazil. Observing the transits of the novelists throughout the globe, the reception of the Brazilian literature in United Kingdom and the relations between art and literary market in Brazil, we intend to provoke some reflections on the Brazilian culture in the light of the 21st century.
Paper short abstract:
This presentation discusses Brazilian music of protest in reaction to the military dictatorship. One form of resistance was singing in metaphors, a method designed to trick the censors. Another became popular in the 80s, when the themes of hard-core music became increasingly morbid and heavy.
Paper long abstract:
In this presentation I focus on two popular movements in Brazilian music, which occurred between the 1960s and the 80s. By restricting the available channels for political debate and censoring the media, the military dictatorship of the time prompted a strong social reaction, especially amongst the younger generation. Some protesters, mainly artists and musicians, participated in the movement against the military dictatorship, some of them writing their songs and lyrics as a call to arms against the government. One form of resistance adopted by musicians was singing in metaphors, which were designed to trick the censors. Brazilian musicians exiled in London affected the Brazilian musical scene when they returned to their home country. For example, the first Glastonbury festival in September 1970 resulted in the organization of the 'Aguas Claras' festival in Sao Paulo. Further, the British mod style was a strong influence for young Brazilians at the time. Brazilian 'mods' were frequently seen in rock bands, and clothes in the mod style began appearing in some high-end stores. Another form of protest became popular in the second half of the 1980s when the themes of Brazilian hardcore music became increasingly morbid and heavy. The Brazilian punk movement was born under the influence of the British bands such as Discharge after their first hardcore punk album was launched in Brazil. Rock groups first played variations of punk tracks to expel the repressive political military dictatorship; but later on their songs were performed to support new ideas of political inclusion.
Paper short abstract:
The use of samba in the films Tropa de Elite (2007) and Tropa de Elite: O Inimigo Agora É Outro (2010), focuses on the type of samba sometimes called the samba malandro. The analyses of selected scenes in these movies will explore how samba can portray the characters of malandros and otários.
Paper long abstract:
The use of samba in the films Tropa de Elite (Elite Squad, 2007) and Tropa de Elite: O Inimigo Agora É Outro (Elite Squad: The Enemy Within, 2010), focuses on the type of samba sometimes called the samba malandro. The samba malandro (= hoodlum samba) foregrounds the culture of lower-class Brazilians who live in the shantytowns, semi-marginal people who are unemployed, misfits in society: the malandros.
This spivish life, including resistance to work and the refinement of skills to deceive people who become their otários (suckers, fools, the victims of the malandros), is portrayed in both films, and samba is associated with such features in both films as well. The analyses of selected scenes in Elite Squad will explore how samba can portray the characters of malandros and otários, and how these roles are inverted throughout the story.
As a key musical feature, syncopation in samba will be analyzed as a reflection of the smooth talk of the malandro articulating his next moves to find his otário. The aim of this paper is to explore how the theme of the malandros and otários is depicted by samba in these two films (among many other Brazilian films). The analyses show how musical semiotics can help films to depict, interpret, contextualise and evaluate cultural, political and social features of recent Brazilian history.
Paper short abstract:
This paper aims to approach lyrical subjectivity into contemporary Brazilian literature nowadays, through the cinematographic adaptation of two Raduan Nassar’s novels, 'Lavoura arcaica' and 'Um copo de cólera'.
Paper long abstract:
Contemporary Brazilian novels bring several aspects into discussion, such as marginality, violence, individualism and periphery values. The issues seem to be linked with the huge shifting Brazilians have been facing over the last decades, when the country became an urban nation, with the concentration of the major part of its population in the big cities.
These themes appear in the narratives wrapped by new ways of capturing reality of life inside the cities; writers create new stylistics manners to deal with reality, searching for a way to discuss it. Among these literary techniques must be noticed the insertion of mixed references from the writing of the everyday life, as texts of diaries, newspaper articles, screenplays - and narratives marked by the suspension of any linearity or logical sequences, some tending to expose an undoubtable lyricism.
Raduan Nassar was one of the contemporary authors that brought lyricism to evidence. Considered one of the 1970's writers with biggest precision in composition, treatment of the word and its significances among other names in intimist narrative, Nassar is the only one named by Alfredo Bosi, for example, in terms of poetic prose. To Luiz Fernando Carvalho, movie director of 'Lavoura arcaica' (2001), it was precisely the lyrical narrative what has allowed the direct filming, without a screenplay.
This paper intends, through this example, approach to the mosaic contemporary narratives in Brazilian novels are showing today, with special attention to lyricism - subject of the investigation this PhD researcher is working at King's College.