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- Convenors:
-
Maralusiddaiah Halasur Matt
(Anthropological Survey of India)
Krishna Prasad (KPSC)
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- Track:
- Life and Death
- Location:
- University Place 4.208
- Sessions:
- Thursday 8 August, -
Time zone: Europe/London
Short Abstract:
India is a country having different caste and tribes and indigenous people live in areas very rich in natural resources. With increasing globalization, there are attempts by outside forces to control and exploit these resources affecting the health and culture and economy of indigenous people.
Long Abstract:
India occupies a strategic position in Asia. For millennia the social organization in India was characterized by hierarchical caste system. In India many communities are dominant in socially, politically and economically. Indigenous communities are ethnic groups who are native to a land or region, especially before the arrival and intrusion of a foreign and possibly dominating culture. They are a group of people whose members share a cultural identity that has been shaped by their geographical region. Indigenous peoples are increasingly faced with threats to their sovereignty, environment, land and forest, and access to natural resources. They are dominated by the neighboring caste people and facing different problems. This panel calls for papers about the indigenous people and their culture and health condition compared with the dominant communities.
Accepted papers:
Session 1 Thursday 8 August, 2013, -Paper short abstract:
This paper concentrate on health and education of the Meda tribe in Karnataka
Paper long abstract:
Bharat, better known to the outside world as India or Hindustan is the home of one of the richest living civilizations of the world rightfully claiming continuity from beyond the farthest known antiquity of human society.They are mainly concentrated in the Coorg district of Karnataka state. They are mainly depending on forest for their livelihood. Their traditional occupation was basketry. They prepare the bamboo baskets and sell them in markets. According to 2001 census total population was 31,064.They speaking Kodava with in the family and Kannada with others. Health and sickness has been common for all societies. Each society has its own conceptions life, death, sickness and its treatments. This is a part of cultural heritage of each society. Some are codified but many are not and passed on to generations. Tribal communities are close knit integrated cultural and social systems with a psyche to protect their own equilibrium. The rural Meda community people have religious and clinical devices to cope with illness magical rites to recover away evil spirits and physical manipulation to repair broken bones and other injuries. No entirely rational or entirely irrational medical system is present among these people. The beliefs and the fear of death are rooted firmly in the minds of people during childhood. Ethno- Medical systems are affected by most major categories of culture namely economics, religion, social relationships, education, family structure and contact with advanced communities and neighboring agricultural communities.
Paper short abstract:
An attempt is made to highlight the role of ethno-medicine and health care practices among the Hakki Pikki tribe in urban cities.
Paper long abstract:
The traditional occupations of the Hakkipikki tribe was hunting and bird trapping, and selling herbal medicines, apart from their traditional occupation, they have learnt the art of making models of the animals with the use of the skin of the hunted animals by filling with husk or dried grass. The population of the tribe according to the 1981 census was 3,471.They are nomadic and a large part of the year they lead nomadic life Healthy condition of the body is the gift, of the god. Hard work from dawn to dusk make healthy according to them. The traditional occupation of the Hakki Pikki tribe was bird hunting and trapping and selling the medicine and giving the treatment to diseases for the both rural urban population. Among the tribes the sickness is cured by administrating ethno-medicine, otherwise known as folk disease. The local experts are paid something either in cash or kind as reward for their services rendered. The ethno-medicine consists of herbs, application of oils and mixtures. Their treatment was largely restricted to rest, diet and exercise rather than drugs.
The ethno-medicine and health care practices among Hakki Pikki is more both in urban and rural areas. In the recent trend the people still believe in ethno medicine, allopathic, homeopathic and other kind of treatment in both rural and urban cities.
Paper short abstract:
This Paper is on the Head Loading Community, the Nayaka of H.D. Kote taluk who are totally dependent on the fuel wood collection and selling them to the local public, hotels, bakery etc, for their survival.
Paper long abstract:
Tribal in India present a significant degree of cultural and ethnic diversity. The tribes, who have been mainly confined to hills and forests, have now sought their absorption into the regional and national mainstream. In many ways, Globalization destroys identities. Before the era of Globalization, there existed local, autonomous, distinct and well-defined, culturally sustaining connections between geographical place and cultural experience.
This Paper is on the Head Loading Community, the Nayaka of H.D. Kote taluk who are totally dependent on the fuel wood collection and selling them to the local public, hotels, bakery etc, for their survival. It also reflects their socio-economic condition, why head loading, what are the other alternate livelihood sources opted to stop head loading, why female head load more than male, how it is hereditary in nature, how many days in a month do they head load, the communities involved in this livelihood activities, why they are involved, what are the remedial measures that would perhaps make them to stop this activity respectively.
Globalization can be observed in different economic, social, cultural, political, finance, and technological dimensions of the world. It is crucial that indigenous peoples' demands are realized; life ways, traditional knowledge and practices are protected and sustained. The impact of globalization is strongest on these populations perhaps more than any other because these communities have no voice and are therefore easily swept aside by the invisible hand of the market and its proponents.
Paper short abstract:
In this paper I am trying to bring health and educational profile of tribal communities.
Paper long abstract:
India is a country that leaves one spellbound with its alluring contrasts and striking features in all that it beholds. India is an old country with a rich legend and history. One is sure to get intermingled with the plaited knots of customary and contemporary ingredients of India. Where else will you experience spirituality and solitude than in the mystic land of the lord. The rich rituals, distinct culture of India, festivals and ceremonies that India celebrates, unfold its legendary sagas. In Karnataka totally about 50 communities are distributed in different parts with their own traditional way of life and maintained their health and education with specific percentage. Which is not common among all the communities. This paper discusses about the accessibility of health and educational profile of the urban communities who were migrated to metropolitan cities in search of livelihood. During the migration period from rural to urban cities not only one community or one caste or one religion peoples are taking part in it. In Karnataka state totally 300 community peoples are spreading all over . In urban cities we find different cultural peoples having different motives are moving from place to place. During this displacement people are affected with diseases and they lose their education and health and wealth. In this paper I am trying to bring health and educational profile of urban communities in metropolitan cities in different parts of India.
Paper short abstract:
An attempt is made to highlight the role of ethno-medicine and health care practices among the Soliga tribe in urban cities.
Paper long abstract:
The Soliga, also spelled Sholaga is a tribe in India that inhabits the Biligirirangan and associated hill ranges in Southern Karnataka, mostly in Chamarajanagar District and Erode district of Tamil Nadu. Most of them are concentrated in and around the BR Hills in Yelandur and Kollegal Taluks of Chamarajanagar District, Karnataka. The Soliga are categorised as Scheduled Tribe. Their population is about 20,000.The traditional occupations of the Soliga tribe was shifting cultivation and collection of forest produce. and selling herbal medicines, apart from their traditional occupation.The ethno-medicine and health care practices among Soliga tribe is more both in rural and forest areas. In the recent trend the people still believe in ethno medicine, allopathic, homeopathic and other kind of treatment in both rural and urban cities.An attampt has been made to explore the Ethno medicine and health care practices among theSoliga tribe in Chamarajanagara and how it is useful for the sociaty and people.
Paper short abstract:
In India, numerous studies have documented economic inequality in childhood nutritional status. However social disparity in child health in under researched in the country. This study examined trends in caste disparity in weight-for-age among children less than three years.
Paper long abstract:
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (ST/SC) have been excluded from dominating Hindu society in India for thousands of years. These two caste groups constitute about one-third of Indian population but still suffer worse health conditions compared to the rest of caste groups of the Indian population. there Using data of the multi-round of the National Family Health Survey conducted during 1992-2006, this paper examine the trends in childhood malnutrition between SC/ST and remaining ("Non SC/ST" or "Other") population in the country and states looking at both the ST/SC's disadvantageous distribution of health determinants. Descriptive statistics, concentration index and multivariate analysis are use in the study. The results show profound and increasing gap in childhood malnutrition between SC/ST and remaining population - the prevalence of underweight was three-fifths among SC/ST compare to about two-fifths among remaining population in 2006. Moreover the gap has reduced in few states while stagnated or increased among many states of the country. Economic inequality is higher among SC/ST's than remaining population and stagnated over the periods. The gap was found to be primarily caused by the ST/SC's lower wealth, education, and use of health care services. Based on the findings this study suggests that in the quest to improve the child health status among ST/SC, policy makers will have to take into account all the barriers such as poor education, economic status, and underutilization of healthcare services which are related to cultural sensitivity and acceptability.
Paper short abstract:
In this paper an attempt is made to highlight community health , hygiene and livelihood in Dharwad district
Paper long abstract:
The Lmbadi are also known as Banjara are a class of usually described as nomadic people from the north Indian state. They claim to belong to the clan of Agnivanshi Rajputs.Together with the Domba, they are sometimes called the "gypsies of India". India is an underdeveloped country and 50 per cent of the population lives in urban areas in conditions well below the poverty line. Significant sectors of the population are facing massive challenges relating to health and education. The Lambani community at present has a significant degree of cultural and ethnic diversity. They were confined to hills and forests, now they started their livelihood in villages and town .There is lot of changes in dress, food, health and hygiene. In many ways, Globalization destroys identities. Before the era of Globalization, there existed local, autonomous, distinct and well-defined, culturally sustaining connections between geographical place and cultural experience. Globalization is not merely a question of marginalization for indigenous peoples it is a multi-pronged attack on the very foundation of their existence and livelihoods. Vast indigenous knowledge, rich culture and traditions, and any hope of preserving the natural world, and a simpler, more holistic way of life for future generations. The ethno-medicine and health care practices among the Lambani is more both in urban and rural areas. In the recent trend the people still believe in ethno medicine, allopathic, homeopathic and other kind of treatment in both rural and urban cities.
Paper short abstract:
In India, numerous studies have documented economic inequality in childhood nutritional status. However social disparity in child health in under researched in the country. This study examined trends in caste disparity in weight-for-age among children less than three years.
Paper long abstract:
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (ST/SC) have been excluded from dominating Hindu society in India for thousands of years. These two caste groups constitute about one-third of Indian population but still suffer worse health conditions compared to the rest of caste groups of the Indian population. there Using data of the multi-round of the National Family Health Survey conducted during 1992-2006, this paper examine the trends in childhood malnutrition between SC/ST and remaining ("Non SC/ST" or "Other") population in the country and states looking at both the ST/SC's disadvantageous distribution of health determinants. Descriptive statistics, concentration index and multivariate analysis are use in the study. The results show profound and increasing gap in childhood malnutrition between SC/ST and remaining population - the prevalence of underweight was three-fifths among SC/ST compare to about two-fifths among remaining population in 2006. Moreover the gap has reduced in
few states while stagnated or increased among many states of the country. Economic inequality is higher among SC/ST's than remaining population and stagnated over the periods. The gap was found to be primarily caused by the ST/SC's lower wealth, education, and use of health care services. Based on the findings this study suggests that in the quest to improve the child health status among ST/SC, policy makers will have to take into account all the barriers such as poor education, economic status, and underutilization of healthcare services which are related to cultural sensitivity and acceptability.
Paper short abstract:
This paper concentrate on the traditional medicinal knowledge among the indigenous population in Chamarajanagara
Paper long abstract:
Over the last decades, awareness has increased about the phenomenon of medical knowledge and its importance of integrating biomedicine and other forms of health care. The broad variety of healing cultures existing alongside biomedicine is called complementary or alternative medicine in industrialized countries and traditional medicine in developing countries. Indigenous communities throughout the world have medical systems which are heavily based on surrounding nature, supernatural beings and belief systems. With globalization and economic liberalization these medical systems are exposed to other medical systems, including modern bio-medicine is a complex one in the sense that it encompasses a variety of practices that employ magic, religion, physical pressure, plant and animal products and even the allopathic medicine representing medical pluralism. During the course of history Indigenous people have evolved various mechanisms to overcome ill health and disease based on traditional and Indigenous knowledge. According to the ethno-medical systems of Indigenous peoples various diseases and health disorders are vaguely categorized into infections, nutritional deficiencies, malfunctions of bodily organs and accidental attacks. Though all these diseases are believed to have been caused due to various mystical reasons, the diagnosing practices clearly indicate they are still in search of ascertaining the actual cause of diseases. This can be well established by the fact that the Indigenous people not only observe magico-religious rites to ward off sickness, but they also use a variety of herbal and animal products to get cured.