Short Abstract:

This panel examines the evolving nature of conflict in the 21st century, focusing on the increasing role and legitimacy of mercenaries in contemporary warfare. It will explore how these changes intersect with development, reshaping the frameworks of conflict transformation and peacebuilding.

Long Abstract:

In the 21st century, the landscape of conflict is undergoing profound transformation, driven by the shifting roles of non-state actors, including mercenaries. Traditionally seen as external or illegitimate participants in warfare, mercenaries are increasingly being integrated into state and non-state military strategies, blurring the lines between official military forces and private actors. This panel will critically examine how mercenaries are becoming central to modern conflicts and, in some cases, acquiring a semblance of legitimacy within the global security apparatus.

The discussion will address key questions such as: What factors are driving the rise of mercenaries in contemporary conflicts? How is their involvement shaping the outcomes of conflicts, especially in fragile states? And most importantly, how do these trends relate to broader development challenges?

By linking the role of mercenaries to issues of conflict transformation, peacebuilding, and development, the panel will highlight how their involvement in conflicts can affect long-term development goals, from governance and institution-building to the provision of security and stability. Furthermore, the panel will explore how the growing use of mercenaries may influence international norms around conflict resolution and development assistance, ultimately reshaping the way conflicts are understood and addressed in the modern world.

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