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- Convenors:
-
Sébastien Rozeaux
(Casa de Velazquez - Madrid)
Isabel Corrêa da Silva (Instituto de Ciências Sociais)
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- Location:
- Sala 43, Edifício B2, Piso 1
- Start time:
- 17 July, 2015 at
Time zone: Europe/Lisbon
- Session slots:
- 2
Short Abstract:
Following a methodological perspective of Connected Histories and Comparative History, this panel aims to analyze the state strategies of Brazilian and Portuguese governments to put forward an international scope program of national self-fashioning and heritage promotion in the nineteenth century.
Long Abstract:
Before the birth of a cultural diplomacy specially designed to work on the increasing of international reputation of so called peripheral countries in occidental world-space, the nineteenth century witnessed the emergence of a significant amount of cultural activities, put forward from both public or private initiative, aiming to boost better knowledge of these national cultures abroad.
The international circulation of people and the globalization of interchanges and cultural practices are part of that bigger process of (re)construction and strengthening of national cultures. This dual reality, apparently paradoxical, determines the unprecedented concern of cultural elites and governments on working towards international recognition of what they believed to be a neglected national heritage, due to youth-complexes (Brazil) or due to size and international constraints (Portugal).
As new forms of displaying the greatness of nations, World Exhibitions and International Congresses are some of the most spectacular manifestations of this program of national self-fashioning and promotion. A program that often assumed more discreet shape in form of books translations, articles and essays written and published abroad, etc. With a past and a common language, Portugal and Brazil were compelled to work alongside in order to fight their lack of visibility and those processes should be subject of a cross analysis likely to illustrate the strategies of distinction and the management of this common heritage. As rivals or as partners, they committed themselves to this venture in a very serious way, not just in cultural but also in political terms.
Accepted papers:
Session 1Paper short abstract:
Based on a survey of musical manuscripts including Lundu themes for keyboard music in the Luso-Brazilian space in the turning of 18-19th century, this talks addresses the flows of musical interpretative practices of the Lundu dance across the Atlantic as a case of transfer and culture exchanges.
Paper long abstract:
In the late 18th century, the Lundu dance, from African origin, was integrated in theatres and ballets pantomines repertoires in Lisbon and in the early 19th, the identified "brazilian lundu" was presented in mostly social activities in Latin America (VEGA, 2007). Combining music with dance and/or singing, the Lundu dance had an especial importance in his repercussion and as an example of cultural circularity beyond continental frontiers.
Based on a survey of musical manuscripts in the Luso-Brazilian space from the end of the eighteenth and beginning of nineteenth century, travel reports, comparative analytical studies on the development of the theme of the lundu for keyboard, and based on literature about the different contexts of lundu, this talks addresses the flows of musical interpretative practices across the Atlantic as transfer and culture exchanges - flows that raise didactics issue, as improvisation, interpretation and composition in a context of the emergence of private concerts and his relation with the social and politics context. Using the example of the "Lundu da Monroy" as a case, this communication aims to outline the trajectory of this theme and the cultural circularity that was particularly reflected in the keyboard music as theme with variations in different musical contexts, highlighted by the relation of the music in the institutional cultural and social politics.
Paper short abstract:
This paper aims to analyze the publishing processes of the Dicionário bibliográphico português (1858-1923) and the Dicionário bibliográphico brazileiro (1883-1902) and the place occupied by Portuguese and Brazilian governments to sustain those originally private initiatives.
Paper long abstract:
Publishing a bibliographical dictionary is one of the many criteria to evaluate the greatness of a civilization and the glory of a nation in the nineteenth century. First in Portugal, Inocêncio Francisco da Silva aimed to write such a « national monument » dedicated to the glory of his homeland since 1858, a tough work that needed more than four decades to put an end to, since he decided to include Brazilian works in the 22 volumes of the Dicionário bibliográphico português, partly published after his death in 1876.
Yet, in 1883, Sacramento Blake, a Brazilian man of letters, thought Brazil needed to possess its own bibliographical dictionary, the Dicionário bibliográphico brazileiro, which counts 7 volumes published till 1902.
Both the Dicionário bibliográphico português and the Dicionário bibliográphico brazileiro were published by the respective National printing offices with public grants, although both dictionaries are originally private initiatives of their respective authors. The reputation accumulated by those two long-term publications encouraged the governments to give some symbolic awards and real rewards to the authors.
This paper proposes to compare Portuguese and Brazilian public support to that long-term editings, focusing particularly in the Portuguese case, as far as the Dicionário bibliográphico português included Brazilian literature and earned Inocêncio Francisco da Silva a transatlantic readership, recognition and support to continue his hard work.
Paper short abstract:
The objective of this paper is to explore the network of relations established by the Viscount and Viscountess of Cavalcanti in Europe that contribute to the recognition of Brazil as a major supplier regionof ethnographic and archaeological collections.
Paper long abstract:
Albuquerque Viscount, Diogo Velho, and his wife, Amelia Machado, played an important role in the dissemination of Brazilian culture during the second half of the nineteenth century. Amelia Machado was the daughter of an elite intellectual miner, related to sponsorship of the arts and Brazilian cultural heritage. Her stepfather collaborated with the work "Journey to Brazil (1865-1866)" by Louis Agassiz. Her maternal uncle was part of the Brazilian commission at the Paris Universal Exhibition in 1867. Diogo Velho held important political positions in Brazil. He was President of Province, Minister of Agriculture, Foreign Affairs and Justice, as well as the being commissioner of the Paris Universal Exhibition in 1889. It was during this period that, because of their political contributions to the State of Brazil, Emperor Pedro II granted them the title of Viscount Cavalcanti. With the proclamation of the Republic Brazil, in 1889, the couple maintained loyalty to the Emperor D. Pedro II and remained in Europe where they began a relationwith museums and antique houses through the sale of the collections that theyaccumulated during the period they were in Brazil. The objective of this paper is to explore the network of relations established in Europe by the Viscounts,which will act in the recognition of Brazil as a major region supplying ethnographic and archaeological collections. We will give special attention toexplore the context of the supply of the collection to the Volkekunde Museum in Leiden, Netherlands, one of the first and oldest European ethnographic museums.
Paper short abstract:
The 4th centenary of the discovery of Brazil in 1900, gave rise to a set of official celebrations in Portugal and Brazil. The Brazil-Portugal magazine participated in these events, transmitting a specific image of the Luso-Brazilian relationship.
Paper long abstract:
The Brazil-Portugal was an illustrated magazine (1899-1914) aimed particularly at the approach of the Luso-Brazilian relations in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. The 4th centenary of the discovery of Brazil was the occasion to carry out their cultural intermediary functions between Brazil and Portugal. The publication of an extraordinary number specially produced for this time allows the analysis of multiple images of the Luso-Brazilian relationship.
Paper short abstract:
In the late 19th century and early decades of the twentieth century Luso-brazilianism and Pan-hispanism were two cultural and political strategies of strengthening Portugal and Spain in the international context. How did these two trends lived with one another?
Paper long abstract:
In the late 19th century and early decades of the twentieth century Portuguese and Spanish elites intended to strengthen cultural and political ties with the American nations, their former colonies. These intentions are well evident during the IV centenary of the voyage of Columbus (1892) in conducting a series of scientific congresses (v.g. the Hispano-Português-Americano) or later at the first centenary of the independence of Brazil (1922). In 1923 the idea of a federation between Portugal and Brazil was discussed in small circles. By that time, António Sardinha and his friends Integralistas Lusitanos exposed an hispanist proposal which would have an echo in Spain. How did Republican intellectuals positioned themselves at this regard? Were Luso-Brazilianism and Pan-Hispanism complementary or rather competitive cultural strategies? Or were they no more than utopias?