Abstract:

This baseline study delves into the lives of second wives in modern Uzbekistan through a case study analysis, shedding light on the reasons compelling Uzbek women to embrace the role of a second wife and the subsequent complexities they face. The study employs a qualitative approach, examining the personal narratives of selected second wives within the context of contemporary Uzbek society.

The focus is on unraveling the multifaceted motivations that drive Uzbek women to become second wives, navigating the intricacies of societal norms, cultural expectations, and personal choices. The research explores the dynamic interplay of factors such as economic considerations, cultural traditions, and individual agency that influence the decision-making process for these women.

Additionally, the article delves into the aftermath of becoming a second wife, investigating the challenges and opportunities that arise in the lives of these women. It examines the impact on familial relationships, social dynamics, and the emotional well-being of second wives within the context of a rapidly evolving Uzbek society.

Through an in-depth analysis of individual case studies, this work aims to contribute to a nuanced understanding of the complex phenomenon of second marriages in Uzbekistan. By exploring the narratives of these women, the research seeks to provide insights into the broader social landscape and contribute to ongoing discussions about marriage dynamics, gender roles, and societal changes in contemporary Uzbekistan.

Abstract:

Қазақ халқы туыстық жағынан бір бірімен рулық атаулар арқылы байланысады. Туыстар өз тарихын шежіре арқылы анықтайды. Ол белгілі бір функционалды қызмет атқарады. Әрбір хандықтың, рудың, тіпті, отбасының шежірелері болған. Шежірелер отбасы және әулет арасында әлі жалғасын тауып жатыр. “Нисабнама Шыңғыс” (“Шыңғыс шежіресі”), “Нисабнама қазақ” (“Қазақ шежіресі”), “Махмұт Собық тегін шежіресі”, Бейбарыс пен Ибн Халдон жинаған “Қыпшық шежіресі”, Бейбарыс пен \Ибн Халдон жинаған “Қыпшақ шежіресі”және “Жаһаннама”(“Оғыз қарақан шежіресі”) шежірелері ғылыми бағытта зерттеліп, солар арқылы қазақ халқының генеологиялық таралуы анықталуда. Осы шежірелерде, негізінен, ер азамттардың есімдері кездеседі. Бұл қазақ қоғамындағы патриархалдықтың үстем болғандығын көрсетеді.Дегенмен, аз болса да әйелдердің атауы да бар.Осы мақалады қазақ шежірелерінде кездесетін әйел есімдері туралы зерттеу барысы айтылады. Олардың саны ер есімдерімен салыстырылады. Сандық әдіс қолдану арқылы дәуірлердегі шежірелерде кездесетін әйел атаулары анықталады.Олардың шеежірегее енуіне әсер еткен тарихи және әлеуметтік, саяси факторлар анықталады.Ол факторларды анықтау арқылы қазақ коғамындағы әйелдердің рөлі және ел басқарудағы маңызы сараланады. Мақалада бірнеше шежірелерге сараптау жүргізу арқылы қос жынысты есімдердің тізімі көрсетіледі.

Abstract:

This paper will analyze how the female authors approached the polygamy and positions of Caucasian concubines among Ottoman elites during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Despite the fact that Orientalist Western authors and travel writers depicted the East as a place of the harem, reserved solely for men's sexual pleasure, Muslim women authors describe women in harem in the Ottoman Empire with their social responsibilities and their service as stewards, housekeepers,, nannies, and maids. They were paid for their housekeeping services. Surprisingly, female authors did not include the sad stories of slave girls and their pain during the Ottoman and early period of the Republic of Turkey. This paper will focus only on Caucasian concubines in the novels of two Ottoman Muslim women authors such as Fatma Aliye, who also wrote the first book entitled "Women in Islam" in 1891/1892, and Halide Edib, a self-exiled women author who wrote novels during both the late Ottoman and early Republican periods. These conservative women authors depicted a different life for concubines than Western authors, aiming to defend Islamic law (sharia) and the dynamics of Ottoman social life. They highlight the status of concubines in their masters' mansions, their relationships with their masters, the length of their stay, their acquired assets, and their rights in their novels. The dilemma for these authors is that, despite coming from Ottoman elites and defending women's rights, they ignored the fact that concubines lost their freedom at an early age.

Abstract:

The destiny of women and women’s rights are perennially relevant issues. Changes in traditional Kazakh society were gauged by the status of women. “Colonialism”, “destruction of values”, “development of science”, and “formation of urban culture” are the principal features characterizing Kazakh life in the 20th century. These changes in society are mirrored in literature. At this point, particular emphasis was placed on the destiny of Kazakh women, who were regarded as the mothers of the nation and the educators of the next generation. This is because societal transformations primarily impacted women. Kazakh women also received education, engaged in work alongside men, altered their attire, and adopted urbanized lifestyles. These changes, despite bringing about positive transformations, also highlighted certain shortcomings.

In our research article, we aim to identify and analyze how the portrayal of Kazakh women in Kazakh literature evolved at the beginning of the 20th century, exploring the factors contributing to this transformation through works written during that era. We seek to unravel the impact of colonialism on the fate, image, and role of Kazakh women in society.

The report discusses the ways of creating the image of a woman in Zh. Aimauytov’s novel “Akbilek”, published in 1927 in the journal “Women’s Equality”.

The novel is valuable as a work that shows the political, social, and historical panorama of colonized Kazakh Society at the beginning of the 20th century from different angles.

The novel describes social, cultural, and political changes in society of that period, the consequences of colonialism, violence to weak people, ignorance, and the decline of national consciousness. It tells about the fate of a Kazakh girl who was captured and abused by the White Army during the Civil War. When she returned to her village with a trampled dignity, starting with her father, all villagers hurt her. A Kazakh girl, a victim of stereotypes in society, fights for her existence.

Akbilek is the image of the first Kazakh woman who aspired to education and received civil rights. In our research work on the gallery of women in the novel “Akbilek”, the image of the Kazakh girl, her role in society, stereotypes in relation to women were analyzed. The work analyzes the image of a Kazakh woman formed by a new era, whose consciousness was changed through education.