Paper long abstract:

The unique nature of Kyrgyzstan serves as a rich natural forage base and a powerful potential for beekeeping development. The favorable natural and climatic conditions of the country have contributed to robust development of the beekeeping industry over many decades. Kyrgyzstan was one of the leading suppliers of honey and bee products to the foreign market, taking the third place of honor (after Russia and Ukraine) among all countries producing honey throughout the Soviet Union. Data on beekeeping shows that in the period of the Soviet Union, the production and sale of honey was developed. The main reason for the decline in the volume of honey production and the number of bee colonies is the fact that large state-owned bee-state farms have practically ceased to exist since independence of Kyrgyzstan in 1991. In Kyrgyzstan beekeeping has been developed by farmers who mainly work with crops and fruit trees. Because all these agricultural goods are interrelated, interacted and interdependent. Moreover, bees are sound environmental indicators what help farmers be mobile and operative to adapt or mitigate risks posed by climate change.