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- Convenors:
-
Henrike Donner
(Goldsmiths)
Victoria Goddard (Goldsmiths, University of London)
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- Stream:
- Morality and Legality
- Sessions:
- Wednesday 31 March, -
Time zone: Europe/London
Short Abstract:
In a context of environmental, economic and political crisis the panel explores the ways that kinship ideologies inform ethical and politicised notions of responsibility to articulate demands for individual and collective liveable futures, bringing into focus the political dimensions of kinship.
Long Abstract:
This panel engages with potentially competing ethical and political demands underpinning claims related to the future. In the light of climate change, ongoing crises of welfare and care and struggles over sexual and reproductive rights, we explore how kinship ideologies may allocate responsibilities ‘ethically’ with reference to collective futures. Anthropologists show how kinship creates structural and ideological dispositives, while also being shaped by everyday experience. A focus on relatedness shifted attention towards practice but arguably ‘domesticated’ kinship in the process. The panel interrogates how kinship moralities may allocate responsibilities oriented towards imagining and creating liveable futures differently from legal and political institutions, but also how these structural givens shape the processes by which kinship become as main site for a politics of the possible in the light of existential threats and engagement with politics in accordance with gender, race and class intersections across generations and the lifecourse. Such negotiations of responsibilities and the experience thereof are often contrasted with what is understood as (i)responsibilities by the state and legal discourses, especially where gender, race and class are bases of exclusion and disenfranchisement. The panel asks what kind of effects policies and politics have on the way individual and collective responsibilities are understood, and what a recourse to idioms of responsibility related to kinship may contribute to anthropological understandings of democratic struggles for better futures, such as movements concerned with livelihoods, housing, reproductive rights, and environmental justice.
Accepted papers:
Session 1 Wednesday 31 March, 2021, -Paper short abstract:
This paper explores how kinship works in the aftermath of sexual violence in Rwanda. It questions how family and social relations of young people born from genocide rape are reconstituted, negotiated and understood. What can we learn about ethics and responsibility from “the generation after"?
Paper long abstract:
This paper explores how kinship works in the aftermath of violence, especially from the perspectives of young people born from rape during the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda. I conducted a year of fieldwork in Rwanda observing how kinship relations work and how family (however understood) is reconstituted and takes shape 25 years after a period of extreme sexual violence. This paper discusses questions such as: How are relationships that derive from violent circumstances brought into the everyday? What forms of relationships become possible, impossible, enabled or dismissed, and with what consequences for young people born of wartime rape and their families? This study illustrates broken, fractured as well as productive kinship relations and what these relations entail, curtail and make possible for “the generation after”. In examining the delicate construction of social relations, this paper gives significant insight into the lived experience of children born from sexual violence and how they are absorbed into post-violent societies. This leads to important conversations on the gendered consequences of violence, ethics and the politics of responsibility.
Paper short abstract:
The concept of 'marriage' has changed over the years. The gendered understanding of domestic violence amidst the legislative and policy reforms is being grossly challenged. In such a scenario, on whom befalls the responsibility of the health and well-being of the women?
Paper long abstract:
In the neoliberal India where 'marriage' is considered sacred, not much has changed in terms of the ideological notions of what constitutes a marriage and a family. While the composition changed, the gendered responsibilities are still very definite. With the changing mindsets, however, the laws lack deliberation. The year 2006 marked the implementation of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act (PWDVA, 2005) in India. Reflected in the national reportage of the domestic violence cases, the two-decade-old legislation has been criticized for not being able to address the issue of domestic violence. There has been a shift from the idea of domestic violence being a private matter to being the state's responsibility. The stakeholders involved in the deliberation of the law - the law enforcement agencies and the judiciary have often tried to adapt a gender-neutral approach while dealing with the issue. Looking at the history and present severity of the violence against women, there are milestones yet to be achieved. The gendered understanding of domestic violence amidst the legislative and policy reforms is being grossly challenged. In such a scenario, on whom befalls the responsibility of the health and well-being of the women? The present paper uses a mixed-method approach to address the question at hand. A review of the literature would provide statistical grounds, and insights from the fieldwork will deepen the understanding of the politics of responsibility in cases of domestic violence.
Paper short abstract:
The paper explores formal action, clique utilisation and collaboration as three significant ways of dealing with an 'oppressive' state, where the response is significantly informed by the individual's social situation especially the class and active family support.
Paper long abstract:
The paper builds on local as the site where the state and society overlap. As such, local becomes the site where citizens encounter the various agencies and aspects of the state. The encounters inform much of their notions and relationships with the state. This in turn shapes the dynamics of their everyday practices vis-à-vis the state. In Downtown Srinagar, the notion of the state as perpetrator of ‘zulm’ (oppression and injustice) remains significantly popular. For most of the people there, the coercive interface of the state forms their primary imaginary of the state. It apparently produces and reproduces the discourses and notions of ‘zulm’ vis-à-vis the state.By virtue of three ethnographic case studies, the paper maps out three broad patterns of responses – formal action, clique utilisation and collaboration – by different people to deal and do away with the zulm of the state. Formal action reflects the direct and upfront means of doing away with the zulm of the state, especially by utilisation of legal processes. Clique utilisation as a means of appropriation turns out as a way of bypassing the zulm of the state. Collaboration on the other hand, comes out as a means of evading the zulm of the state. Moreover, with respect to the case studies, the respective response is significantly informed by the social situation of the individual(s) especially vis-à-vis their class and active family networking and support. Also, from the standpoint of resistance, the three modes of appropriation depict ways of popular resistance against state.