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- Convenors:
-
Claudia Favarato
(University of Bayreuth)
Monika Christine Rohmer (University of Bayreuth)
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- Format:
- Panel
- Stream:
- Social media, archiving and ‘the digital’
- Location:
- S64 (RW I)
- Sessions:
- Tuesday 1 October, -, -
Time zone: Europe/Berlin
Short Abstract:
Moving between the analogue and the digital, the panel discusses reconfigurations of political spaces "on" the African continent. Between constraints and potentials offered by the digital (revolution), it debates how new technologies are empowering or narrowing the emergence of political paradigms.
Long Abstract:
This panel questions how we envision, at the present stage and in the future, the (digital) political space. As digitality becomes omni-pervasive, politics and the political are shifting from the analogue to the digital sphere. The modes of this transliteration are yet unclear. Would the sphere of political digitality be a copy of its analogue counterpart? Or would the inherent character of the digital assimilate any political form? Digitality is generally pictured as a space that promotes subject-centred, atomistic structure, along with liberal political model and capitalist economic interests. Such assumptions lead us to ponder about a "digital end of history", as the expanding digitalisation bottlenecks political paradigms into one and only possible model. On the other hand, many embraced the digitality as a space of renewal that enhance the flourishing of other (or even anew) political paradigms, such us platform socialism or digital communitarianism, among others.
We invite contributions that seek to understand how the digital is reconfiguring the political, especially considering implications, possibilities and potentials "on" the African continent. In addition to case study and empirical studies, we welcome reflections centred on discussing theoretical analyses on digital politics and proposals for African digital political paradigms.
Accepted papers:
Session 1 Tuesday 1 October, 2024, -Paper short abstract:
In digital identification technologies, the digital citizen appears to be less a bearer of rights than a cosmopolitan, tech-savvy subject who secures the political stability of the country by participating in and shaping the digital economy.
Paper long abstract:
Many African governments have begun implementing digital identification programs that should help register the ‘missing billion’ to fulfil the Sustainable Development Goal 16.9 ‘legal identity for all’. These technologies come in the form of biometric National Identification Numbers, digital ID cards and digital identity wallets. Building on recent research on ‘digital citizens’ (Isin/Ruppert 2020) and the ‘start-up state’ (Nair 2019), this presentation examines how sociotechnical imaginaries (Jasanoff 2020) linked to digital identification technologies reconfigure imaginaries of the state and its citizens (Stepputat/Hansen 2001). By discussing preliminary results of my ongoing ethnographic field research on the digital ID in Sierra Leone, I suggest that the digital citizen appears to be less a bearer of rights than a cosmopolitan, tech-savvy subject who secures the political stability of the country by participating in and shaping the digital economy.
Paper short abstract:
This talk examines the new IT industry in Africa and socio-political aspects through the case of a Ghanaian company with an operative and training branch. It studies the first three years after its foundation and discusses the conditions for the firm and skilled workers in a digital global economy.
Paper long abstract:
My presentation addresses socio-political dimensions in the new IT industry in Africa, especially concerning work. It examines a sphere that embeds skilled workers in the new conditions of a digital global economy. The worldwide demand for IT skills leads to new business activities and developmental efforts in Africa. This field promises to drive economic growth and job creation in many countries. Local and international corporations, development organizations, and state actors have a strong interest in IT. Yet, these interests and the plans of employees do not always overlap – one of many entry points for socio-political conflicts.
The paper examines ongoing processes in the case of a recently funded Ghanaian IT business and training company. The focus lies on the first three years of this firm. A particularity is that this enterprise has a training branch and an operative branch. It offers free training for young Ghanaians to qualify them for competitive work in the business sector. The financial means for the founding came from the German mother company and development agencies.
This enterprise had to deal with multiple problems. The difficulties range from insecure infrastructure such as power failures to the search for staff to the high turnover of employees. A somewhat paradoxical structure was the double strategic outlook of the training and business sector. The more successful employees were in the training, the higher the probability that they will leave for better-paying international companies. Digitalization and the global reach of employability have multiple effects on this in-demand industry.
Paper short abstract:
John Magufuli, Tanzania’s former president, passed away unexpectedly during his tenure in 2021. After his death, urban legends started to spread amongst Tanzanians on social media platforms according to which Magufuli’s death had other reasons than the officially announced heart condition.
Paper long abstract:
I was surprised to stumble upon urban legends in Tanzania in 2022 about the country’s former president John Magufuli (2015 - 2021). Magufuli passed away suddenly in 2021 and some Tanzanians think that there is more to his death than a heart condition, the official explanation of the government, or Corona, the opposition’s interpretation of why Magufuli died.
Interestingly, urban legends started to spread and propagated fast online according to which Magufuli’s death had other reasons than the heart condition or Covid-19. The virality of these urban legends has contributed to increasing mistrust regarding Western influence in Tanzanian and even in African governmental affairs generally.
Magufuli was a critic of international - and particularly of Western influence in Tanzania and Africa more broadly. He emphasised in many of his speeches that the continued dependency of Tanzania and the African continent on the West must stop.
For many Tanzanian citizens, there was no satisfying explanation for Magufuli’s sudden death in 2021 which seems to have been food for imagination, especially on social media platforms. In the context of a discourse analysis, I collect the urban legends that have emerged in the Digital which have shaped the political views of many Tanzanians in an essential way.
The acceptance of these urban legends on social media platforms translates to mistrust regarding politics and the official statements of politicians as people. At the same time, the Digital shows the potential of being a space for sharing feelings of mistrust and controversial opinions in Tanzania.