Paper short abstract:

People with Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) have the capabilities to provide several Public Services. An indigenous community may be marginalized due to in-migrations or be out-migrated. It may be immigrated or emigrated. Hence, IKS could be altered due to changes in modes of production.

Paper long abstract:

People with Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) have the capabilities to provide several Public Services that parallel to the Modern systems is equally important. An indigenous community may be marginalized due to in-migrations or be out-migrated. It may be immigrated or emigrated. In both the cases, IKS could be altered due to changes in modes of production.

In a transnational region region of India is Duars region of northern West Bengal state of India. This is actually an included area from Bhutan Himalayas and formerly considered as Buffer.

Ancient trade routes have lost and people could only imagine of their indigenous statehood like Koch Bihar and Kamtapur. Tribal communities there like Mech (Bodo), Rabha, Garo, and Koch have been mostly incorporated into the wider social category of agrarian Rajbanshi caste. Borendri caste group there speaks off their Aryan origin but on to Kashmir-Tibet ways. Nepali speaking Hill Nepalese of Nepal are actually immigrants but recruited in Indian Army. They also construct the labour class in Tea estates along with Adivasi people of Dravidian-ProtoAustraloid origin from Central India.

A new form of IKS has grown up locally that contains identity movement, human shield in this border territory and multiculturalism. For that the British rule in India obviously got the credit. Mutual understanding between IKS and Modernity can really fulfill the goal. We cannot consider IKS being a part confined in mode of production, but the structure and the super-structure (or cognition) that speaks openly in favour of culture to multiculturalism.