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Abstract

This paper attempts to analyse the complex interplay of geopolitics within Eurasian connectivity. Focusing on key themes such as India's role in contesting the idea of BRI, China's expanding influence, and the evolution of a new Eurasian connectivity paradigm. It investigates the dynamics of infrastructural aid and alliances, China's emerging role in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), and the potential establishment of a Sino-centric order in the region. Additionally, it explores cross-border infrastructure projects in the Eurasian neighbourhood and evaluates logistical alternatives amid changing connectivity dynamics.

Focusing on an alternative and a “New Eurasian Connectivity” based on the natural demands of the market, people-to-people connections, digital connectivity, and connectivity of the service sectors. I attempt to understand the rising concern over the debt trap that China has led to many beneficiaries of the BRI and also concern over the rise of the Sino-Centric Eurasian Order, as is visible in Pakistan and parts of Central Asia. It investigates the formation of infrastructural alliances and their role in shaping connectivity initiatives, both regionally and in a larger Eurasian landscape.

This paper relies on secondary literature and has taken insights from work by Bhumitra Chakma and Xiudian Di (eds.), “Belt and Road Initiative and the Politics of Connectivity”. My study goes beyond the book’s central idea. It emphasises that China’s connectivity projects must be based on universally recognised international norms, good governance, the rule of law, openness, transparency and equality and must be pursued to respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of other states in Eurasia. It tries to supplement and provide an alternative to the studies done by Western scholars and institutions, which try to project China’s BRI as a strategic overreach enabled by deep pockets through which they exploit Eurasian states’ natural requirements of the emerging markets.

By delving into these key themes, this conference paper aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the geopolitics surrounding Eurasian connectivity. The study will contribute to the academic knowledge of the complex interactions between geopolitics and connectivity in Eurasia, bridging gaps in the existing literature. It contributes to ongoing academic discussions, informs policy debates, and offers insights into the strategic decisions of nations navigating the complexities of this dynamic and evolving region.