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Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between environmental change, floods, and economic inequality in the mountainous region of Chitral, Pakistan, within the broader context of Central Eurasia. Using a political ecology framework, the study explores how environmental risks and social structures interact to shape vulnerability and disaster response in remote mountain communities. The research is based on fifteen semi structured interviews with NGO professionals working in disaster management and community development in Chitral, Pakistan.

The findings show that floods significantly affect livelihoods, infrastructure, and social stability, particularly among economically vulnerable households. Climate change, glacial melting, and extreme weather patterns are increasing environmental risks, while local communities rely on both traditional ecological knowledge and institutional support to cope with disasters. Observations of animal behavior, water changes, and community-based early warning practices illustrate the role of local environmental ideologies in shaping responses to environmental threats.

The paper argues that integrating local knowledge with institutional disaster management strategies is essential for building resilient and equitable environmental governance in Central Eurasian mountain regions