Paper abstract:

1. The first pharmacies in Turkestan were opened in Tashkent city and this became one of the most important events in the public life of the region. The first pharmacy began its activity at Tashkent military hospital in the city center. In 1869, in connection with the construction of a new hospital building, it was decided to move the pharmacy to the military hospital. However, given the remoteness of this place, part of the pharmacy functioned in the city center. It was located in a private house. 150 rubles were allocated from the state budget for equipment.

2. The first pharmacy was opened in the old part of Tashkent in 1874. The pharmacy distributed medicines to the sick among the local population free of charge. This pharmacy, built at the expense of the population in the old part of the city, was transferred to the City Council in the same year and was maintained at its expense. However, even after that, the pharmacy continued to distribute medicines free of charge to poor Uzbek and Russian patients. In 1874-1886, that is, for 13 years, the pharmacy sold medicines for a total amount of 62,629 rubles, while medicines worth 31,426 rubles were distributed free of charge. The expenses of the thought for the pharmacy in 1878-1887 amounted to 66,742 rubles.

3. In 1909, a new building was built for the pharmacy, for which 48000 rubles were spent. Specialists underwent training at the pharmacy. For example, in 1916, 10 people underwent training in this pharmacy. The training program included classes in the following subjects such as physics, chemistry, pharmacology, and formulation. The training was conducted twice a week and lasted up to 7 months. The cost of training was 20 rubles per month.

4. In 1880, the private pharmacy of pharmacist Krause was opened. Like other pharmacies, this pharmacy also served the population of new and old parts of Tashkent. In the early 20th century, a number of other private pharmacies were opened. By 1913 their number increased to 12. Their total turnover exceeded 47,000 rubles.

5. Pharmacies were opened in other cities of Turkestan such as Samarkand, Namangan, Andijan, Osh, Kokand, Kattakurgan, Avliyo-Ata, Verny (Almaty), and others. In the beginning, the local population rarely went to the pharmacy. Later, the population began to trust pharmacies and use their services.