Paper short abstract:

Indigenous peoples have protested over the decades and centuries as their lands, resources and cultures have been seized by outside powerful peoples. I propose to investigate whether or not any of these protests have been successful, and in what they have achieved some measure of justice.

Paper long abstract:

Indigenous protests to protect the resources with which people have survived have not been studied as part of the regular curriculum in history departments. In recent years some of these protests have received world wide publicity. But have they been successful? In this paper I review some of the successes and failures of these efforts.