Paper short abstract:

The article analyzes the relationship between the Kokand Khanate (1709-1876) and the Ching Empire of China (1644-1911), including the Treaty of January 13, 1832. The clauses of the treaty and their information are analyzed on the basis of sources and literature in Russian and English.

Paper long abstract:

The article analyzes the relations between the Kokand Khanate and the Qing Empire of China, including the Treaty on January 13, 1832. The uprising of Jahangir Khoja (1826-1828) in East Turkestan and the suppression of the uprising resulted in establishment of relations between the two countries and signing of the treaty. Some sources explained the special privileges of the citizens (merchants) of the Kokand Khanate in East Turkestan in a period between conquest of Chinese Empire and signing of the treaty. Clauses and information stated in the treaty are analyzed based on Russian and English sources and literature. The treaty also defined the boundaries of the territories in which the system of Aksakals was established. Moreover, the article of W. Waten, the Persian secretary of the British government in Bombay, and Joseph Fletcher’s comparative analysis of the treaty’s clauses with the 1842 Sino-British treaty was also stated. Additionally, some of the powers of Aksakals, which are not found in other sources, are stated. Information about the political and legal status of the Aksakal during the turmoil of Kokand Khanate (including the Bukhara’s invasion of 1842, the Tashkent Uprising of 1847 and others) also included. How the dispute is resolved in cases of breach of contract, the issue of punishment of the perpetrators, the circumstances and reasons for the parties to comply with the terms of the contract are stated in the article. The political and trade relations between the two countries as a result the treaty were scientifically analyzed and conclusions were drawn.