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Accepted Paper:
Examining Quaternary East African palaeoenvironmental change and its relevance to hominin occupation of Kilombe caldera based on geochemical and magnetic mineralogical analyses of core material.
Sally Hoare
(University of Liverpool)
Paper short abstract:
This paper examines palaeolimatic change at Kilombe mountain, using geochemical analysis of bulk sediment samples from lacustrine units in the caldera fill, and its influence on hominin occupation.
Paper long abstract:
Quaternary lacustrine sequences from East Africa are important archives of orbitally forced paleoclimatic changes, which effects limit lake-level and palaeovegetation, and are considered to control hominin occupation of and evolution within East Africa. Here we investigate in detail a well preserved and fairly continuous lake sedimentary sequence from Kilombe Volcano, whose caldera-fill also preserves traces of hominin activity from several localities, involving Oldowan and Acheulean technologies. Changes in chemical weathering intensity are examined using a variety of proxy indices including major and trace element ratios (Chemical Index of Alteration, WIP); Fe-oxide mineralogy (S-ratio, χFD%); and Total Organic Carbon. Combined, the magnetic and geochemical properties of the clays document from incipient through to intense changes in catchment weathering, recording palaeoclimatic change during the Quaternary.