Paper short abstract:

This paper describes the process of M market as social landscape has changed by analyzing the influence of brokers and city planning. The practice at M market via exchanges among villagers remains prevalent although some brokers earn a profit due to the price differences between towns and villages.

Paper long abstract:

This paper regards the markets as places to exchange products that differ in terms of the attendees' places of residence and as social landscapes that involve a variety of behaviors. That is, products differ according to the characteristics of different regions, such as the differences in the vegetation in highland and lowland areas, as well as according to local social practices, such as the ways in which people negotiate prices and trades. It is also regarded that landscapes as the agency to interact to people's behavior. This paper describes the process by which the function of these markets has changed by analyzing the influence of the introduction of brokers and city planning to the process. Since the 1990s, the M market has grown, and the administration and city planners have moved the areas used to sell and buy cash crops. This could be interpreted as a sign of creating a permanent marketplace. At the same time, however, the practice of selling and buying agricultural products at the M market via exchanges among villagers remains prevalent although some brokers entered this market to earn a profit due to the price differences between towns and villages.