Paper short abstract:

Short abstract Based on original and recently collected field data, this article explores perceptions of the conflict and the M23 rebellion among the new Congolese refugees in Rwanda.

Paper long abstract:

Long abstract

The eastern parts of the DR Congo have been the scene of continuing conflict since 1996. After a period of relative calm following the signing of the peace agreement between the CNDP and the Government in March 23, 2009, fighting flared up in the beginning of 2012, with the M23 rebellion claiming the Government did not live up to this agreement. This has resulted in a new wave of refugees into Rwanda, largely consisting of Congolese Rwandophone tutsis, whose interests (at least initially) the M23 claims to represent. Based on original field data, this article explores perceptions of the conflict and the M23 rebellion among the new Congolese refugees. It investigates the demands of the refugees in the light of M23 claims. To what extent do the refugees identify with and feel that the M23 represents their interests? By analyzing the issue of the demands and perceptions of the conflict held by this group, the article sheds light on the connection between the refugee population and the M23. Despite presenting the 2009 agreement and the time following after that in positive manner, the data reveals very high levels of identification with the M23 (which broke this period). This is reflected in the articulation of almost identical political claims, a strong conviction that the M23 is fighting for their cause, but also other forms of support. The article ends by discussing what this strong support implies for our efforts to understand conflict dynamics in the eastern DRC.