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Short abstract:

Robust and long-term governance structures are needed as societies move towards more sustainable paradigms. We explore the socio-political conditions conducive to long-term governance and discern the essential characteristics supporting its feasibility to inform future governance strategies.

Long abstract:

In recent decades, the imperative for a sustainable paradigm shift in living, consuming, and producing has become increasingly evident. To address these transformative changes, robust governance structures must be established that not only initiate but also support medium and long-term transformations. This transition is typically gradual and decentralized, thus demanding governance approaches that actively guide and monitor these complex processes.

While the concept of long-term governance is a contemporary one, societies have always grappled with the challenges of governing long or continuous processes in various domains. Examples include formulating education policies, managing mega infrastructure development, building and maintaining alliances and treaties between nations, preserving cultural and historical heritage, urban planning, and environmental conservation.

To promote sustainable transitions, effective and lasting governance is essential. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the socio-political conditions conducive to their emergence and discerning the essential characteristics that support their feasibility. To achieve this goal, we conducted a comprehensive literature review analysing historical instances of long-term governance, encompassing both successes and failures. This approach aims to provide valuable insights to address contemporary challenges and inform future governance strategies. Indeed, historical contexts often unveil recurring themes such as social stability, visionary leadership, and collective commitment to social well-being. Conversely, cases of governance failures or insufficient long-term planning and governance underscore vulnerabilities and pitfalls that undermine sustainability efforts.