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Paper short abstract

Algorithmic policing increases gendered surveillance under the guise of protection. This study develops a care-based framework for non-punitive, responsible AI governance and uses feminist ethics of care to demonstrate how "surveillance care" regulates women while undermining relationship security.

Paper long abstract

Algorithmic policing is increasingly justified as preventive care in contemporary security regimes. However, these systems reshape security governance in profoundly gendered ways through widespread surveillance that disproportionately targets women and other underprivileged groups. Current studies on racial injustice, bias, and accuracy abound on AI governance and predictive policing. Although feminist interventions have brought attention to surveillance as a site of gendered control, mainstream criminology and data science debates continue to prioritise risk management and punitive security logics over relational and ethical concerns. What remains under-theorised is how algorithmic policing reframes surveillance as care, masking coercion as protection and normalising the governance of vulnerability. This rhetorical shift obscures the ethical violence embedded in data-driven security practices and silences feminist critiques of relational harm and moral responsibility. Using conceptual analysis and critical interpretation of policy discourses on AI-enabled policing, the research employs a feminist philosophical technique based on the ethics of care to challenge the moral presumptions behind algorithmic security systems by bringing together critical technology studies and feminist care theorists. I contend that "surveillance care" is a gendered form of governance that evacuates real care, relational accountability, and consent while disciplining bodies through predictive risk. The conflict between care as algorithmic control and care as lived relational practice is shown by feminist ethics of care. The paper contributes a normative feminist framework for reimagining security governance beyond punitive and extractive logics, advancing care ethics as an ethical constraint on AI-driven policing and expanding feminist philosophy’s engagement with digital security futures.