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Abstract

The period from the late 1920s to the 1930s was a time when the nation-building of the national republics, established after the demarcation of the national republic borders in 1924, progressed substantially under the simultaneous implementation of collectivization and nationalism. This paper aims to clarify the dynamics of nation-building from the perspective of human movement, using Kyrgyzstan during this period as a case study. First, we will examine movement within the republic. Personnel were dispatched to various parts of the republic with the aim of building a Soviet state. Second, we will deal with movement within the Soviet Union. In the process of forced collectivization, many of the former ruling class and the wealthy were exiled outside the republic. Conversely, refugees resulting from collectivization and the resulting famine in neighboring republics such as Kazakhstan also flowed into Kyrgyzstan. Finally, there is the escape from the Soviet Union. There were cases of people attempting to escape persecution associated with collectivization by fleeing to foreign countries, including China. In summary, this paper demonstrates that the construction of national republics, which progressed from the late 1920s to the 1930s, was not a self-contained, closed, and static process within each republic, but rather a dynamic one.