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Abstract:

This paper is a work in progress and presents a qualitative comparative study aimed at unraveling the complexities of multi-vector approach in the contexts of Kazakhstan and Ukraine. This research seeks to examine the similarities and differences in the application of multi-vector approaches by these two post-Soviet states. Additionally, it endeavors to shed light on the underlying reasons for the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, juxtaposed against Kazakhstan's relative stability.

Methodologically, this study relies on qualitative analysis of official documents, diplomatic statements, and scholarly literature. By delving into the historical narratives, domestic political dynamics, and external influences shaping Kazakhstan and Ukraine's multi-vector strategies, the research aims to construct a nuanced understanding of their respective approaches towards great powers.

The central argument of this study revolves around the critical role of historical legacies, domestic and external pressures in shaping Kazakhstan and Ukraine's multi-vector strategies. By examining the nuanced dynamics of their relationships with great powers, including Russia, China, the European Union, and the United States, the research aims to reveal distinct patterns of alignment and divergence in each country's foreign policy orientation.

Preliminary findings suggest notable differences in the outcomes of Kazakhstan and Ukraine's multi-vector approaches, particularly concerning conflict resolution and regional stability. While Kazakhstan has demonstrated adeptness in navigating a path of balanced diplomacy, leveraging its strategic position to mitigate tensions and foster economic cooperation, Ukraine confronts protracted conflicts and geopolitical rivalries, exacerbated by competing interests and historical grievances.

The significance of this research extends beyond the specific case studies of Kazakhstan and Ukraine, offering broader insights into the dynamics of multi-vector approach and its implications for international relations theory and practice. By elucidating the drivers of conflict and cooperation in post-Soviet space, this study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of state behavior, regional dynamics, and the challenges of managing relations with great powers in a multipolar world.

In conclusion, this paper underscores the importance of qualitative analysis in political science and international relations scholarship, highlighting the relevance of contextual factors and historical contingencies in shaping states' foreign policy choices and outcomes.