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Accepted Paper:
Tsogtu Khong Tayiji and the Khalkha-Khoshot Contest for Supremacy in Seventeenth-century Tibet (Dedicated to Professor György Kara)
Wei-chieh Tsai
(National Chung Cheng University)
Paper abstract:
Tsogtu Khong Tayiji (1581-1637), also called Tümengken Tsogtu Khong Tayiji, was a Khalkha Mongol prince, a poet, possible supporter of Ligdan Khan, and opponent of the Dalai Lama’s “Yellow Hat” order. His life signifies the short rise and fall of Khalkha Mongol supremacy in Tibet. This paper draws on Mongolian sources, Chinese and English translation of Tibetan sources, Chinese, Japanese and English secondary research and look forward to illustrating the importance of this Mongolian prince in the seventeenth-century Tibetan history. This paper argues that after Tsogtu Khong Tayiji, there was no longer a Mongol force from Outer Mongolia which could compete with the Khoshot domination of Tibet until the Manchu incorporation of Tibet in 1720. Therefore, Tsogtu Khong Tayiji’s downfall manifests the withdrawal of Khalkha Mongol’s attempt on Tibet and a possible patron of Bka’-brgyud sect of Tibetan Buddhism. Since then, the rise of Khoshot collaborating with the Dge-lugs sect maintained their supremacy in Tibet till the eighteenth century.